Celebrating the Caribbean’s Cultural Diversity
Between 2020 and 2023, UNESCO continued to recognize the Caribbean’s rich intangible cultural heritage, celebrating traditions that showcase the region’s diversity and vibrant history. These recognitions by UNESCO reveal the deep cultural practices and customs that have survived generations, connecting the past with the present. This article focuses on the elements honored during this period, highlighting their significance to the Caribbean identity.
2020
Martinique: The Yole as a Heritage Preservation Model
For UNESCO, the yole of Martinique, a traditional lightweight boat, symbolizes the region’s maritime history and has become a focal point for heritage preservation initiatives aimed at maintaining local craftsmanship and community ties in the face of modernization.
Colombia: Traditional Knowledge and Techniques of Mopa-Mopa Varnish
The traditional knowledge and techniques of mopa-mopa varnish from Putumayo and Nariño involve the intricate processes of harvesting mopa-mopa buds, woodworking, and decorative varnishing, representing a vital cultural identity for communities, yet facing urgent threats from globalization, deforestation, and declining practitioners.
2021
Venezuela: The Festivities of Saint John the Baptist
For UNESCO, the Venezuelan celebrations of Saint John the Baptist, rooted in 18th-century Afro-Venezuelan communities, blend Catholic influences with rich African verbal, musical, and physical expressions, serving as a powerful symbol of cultural resistance and remembrance of enslaved ancestors.
Panama: The Dance and Expressions of Corpus Christi
The Corpus Christi festival in Panama is a vibrant religious celebration that merges Catholic tradition with popular festivities, featuring theatrical performances, lively music, and colorful dances, symbolizing the struggle between good and evil while fostering community involvement and cultural transmission.
Haiti: Soup Joumou
For UNESCO, Soup Joumou, a traditional Haitian pumpkin soup, is not only a festive dish deeply embedded in Haitian identity but also a symbol of freedom and resilience, historically reserved for slave owners and now celebrated as a community unifier, especially on January 1st, Haiti’s Independence Day.
2022
Guatemala: Holy Week Celebrations
For UNESCO, the Holy Week in Guatemala is a significant cultural and religious event featuring processions, culinary specialties, and vibrant flower and fruit carpets, representing a rich tradition that fosters social inclusion and mutual respect while commemorating the Passion, death, and resurrection of Christ.
Colombia: Ancestral Knowledge System of the Arhuaco, Kankuamo, Kogi, and Wiwa Peoples
The ancestral knowledge system of the Arhuaco, Kankuamo, Kogi, and Wiwa peoples of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta is a profound framework that guides their sacred missions for harmony with the physical and spiritual universe, emphasizing the preservation of sacred sites, traditional rituals, and the protection of their cultural identity and ecosystem.
2023
Grenada: Traditional Wooden Boat Building in Carriacou and Petite Martinique
For UNESCO, The traditional practice of wooden boat building in Carriacou and Petite Martinique is a centuries-old craft involving the entire community in various roles, where skilled shipwrights select trees, perform rituals, and celebrate the launch with traditional blessings and festivities, fostering social bonds and cultural heritage.
Colombia : Midwifery: Knowledge, Skills, and Practices
Midwifery is a vital practice in various countries, including Colombia, Cyprus, Germany, Kyrgyzstan, Luxembourg, Nigeria, Slovenia, and Togo, where midwives provide essential care and education to pregnant women and their families, blending traditional knowledge with evidence-based practices while preserving cultural rituals and fostering community support across generations.
Cuba and Mexico: The Bolero, Identity, Emotion, and Poetry in Song
The bolero is a vital element of Latin American sentimental music, deeply rooted in Cuba and Mexico, blending European poetic language, African rhythms, and indigenous emotions, and serving as a powerful cultural symbol that evokes feelings and connects communities through its lyrical expression and oral transmission across generations.
Bahamas : the Junkanoo: Cultural Festival of the Bahamas
For UNESCO, Junkanoo is the national cultural festival of the Bahamas, originating in the early 19th century from enslaved Africans who created vibrant parades filled with music, performance, and storytelling, serving as a powerful expression of creativity and community unity that involves all ages in crafting elaborate costumes and celebrating cultural identity.
Panama : Armila’s Marine Turtle Cultural and Ecological Festival: Safeguarding Practices Program
The Marine Turtle Cultural and Ecological Festival in Armila, Panama, is a vital program initiated by the kuna people to preserve their oral traditions and environmental practices, featuring a four-day educational festival that coincides with the arrival of loggerhead turtles, promoting community engagement and the creation of an eco-label for culturally and environmentally responsible festivals.
Venezuela : Caucagua’s Bandos and Parrandas of the Holy Innocents: Knowledge Transmission and Community Councils
For UNESCO, The Bandos and Parrandas of the Holy Innocents in Caucagua, Venezuela, are vibrant street festivals celebrated on December 27th and 28th, characterized by music and satirical attire, and supported by a safeguarding program that enhances oral tradition through community-led knowledge centers and councils aimed at revitalizing this Afro-descendant celebration and preserving cultural heritage.
The cultural practices recognized by UNESCO from 2020 to 2023 exemplify the diversity and intricate heritage of the Caribbean. From the lively rhythms of merengue and the festive celebrations of Junkanoo to the community-driven safeguarding programs of the Bandos and Parrandas, these traditions underscore the essential role of cultural expressions in preserving national identities and fostering community cohesion.
